Introduction

Mount Kilimanjaro, the highest peak in Africa at 5,895 meters (19,341 feet), is a dream destination for climbers worldwide. Known for its breathtaking landscapes and varying ecological zones, it offers an unforgettable trekking experience. This guide provides essential information to help you prepare for a successful and enjoyable climb.

Choosing the Right Route

There are several routes to the summit, each with its own difficulty level, scenery, and success rate.

1. Marangu Route (“Coca-Cola Route”)

• Duration: 5-6 days

• Difficulty: Moderate

• Accommodation: Huts

• Success Rate: Moderate

• Best For: Climbers who prefer hut accommodations

2. Machame Route (“Whiskey Route”)

• Duration: 6-7 days

• Difficulty: Challenging

• Accommodation: Tents

• Success Rate: High

• Best For: Climbers looking for scenic beauty and acclimatization benefits

3. Lemosho Route

• Duration: 7-8 days

• Difficulty: Moderate to Challenging

• Accommodation: Tents

• Success Rate: High

• Best For: Those seeking stunning landscapes and a high chance of summiting

4. Rongai Route

• Duration: 6-7 days

• Difficulty: Moderate

• Accommodation: Tents

• Success Rate: Moderate

• Best For: Those who prefer a quieter route with dry conditions

5. Northern Circuit Route

• Duration: 8-9 days

• Difficulty: Moderate

• Accommodation: Tents

• Success Rate: Very High

• Best For: Those who want a less crowded, scenic route with excellent acclimatization

Best Time to Climb

Kilimanjaro can be climbed year-round, but the best months are:

• January – March: Less crowded, cooler temperatures, occasional snow

• June – October: Dry season, great visibility, higher traffic

Avoid the rainy seasons (April-May and November) due to slippery trails and poor visibility.

Physical Preparation and Training

Climbing Kilimanjaro requires good fitness. Training should start at least 2-3 months before your climb.

• Cardiovascular fitness: Running, cycling, or hiking

• Strength training: Focus on legs and core

• Endurance training: Long hikes with a backpack

• Acclimatization: If possible, hike at high altitudes before your climb

Packing List

A well-packed bag ensures a comfortable climb. Essential items include:

• Clothing:

  • Moisture-wicking base layers

  • Insulating mid-layers (fleece, down jacket)

  • Waterproof and windproof outer shell

  • Warm gloves, hat, and thermal socks

• Gear:

  • Sturdy trekking boots

  • Trekking poles

  • Sleeping bag (-10°C to -20°C rating)

  • Headlamp with extra batteries

• Accessories:

  • Sunglasses (UV protection)

  • Sunscreen (SPF 50+)

  • Water bottles & hydration pack

  • Energy snacks

Altitude Sickness and Acclimatization

Acute Mountain Sickness (AMS) can occur above 2,500m. Symptoms include headaches, nausea, dizziness, and shortness of breath.

Tips to Prevent AMS:

• Climb slowly: “Pole pole” (slowly, slowly) is the key

• Acclimatize: Choose a longer route for better adjustment

• Hydrate: Drink 3-4 liters of water daily

• Medication: Consider Diamox (consult a doctor first)

Costs and Permits

Climbing Kilimanjaro requires permits and park fees. Costs vary by route and tour operator.

• Park Fees: $700-$900 per person

• Guide and Porters: Required by law

• Total Costs: $1,500 – $5,000 (including gear, flights, and tips)

Tipping Guidelines

Porters and guides depend on tips for their income. Recommended tipping per group:

• Guides: $20-25 per day

• Assistant guides: $15-20 per day

• Cooks: $10-15 per day

• Porters: $5-10 per day

What to Expect During the Climb

Each day includes 5-7 hours of hiking, with shorter days before the summit push. The final ascent starts at midnight to reach Uhuru Peak by sunrise.

• Day 1-4: Gradual ascent through rainforest, moorland, and alpine desert

• Summit Night: Steep, cold ascent to Uhuru Peak

• Descent: Usually completed in 1-2 days

Final Tips for a Successful Climb

• Choose a reputable tour operator

• Take enough time to acclimatize

• Pack quality gear

• Stay hydrated and eat well

• Respect the environment and follow Leave No Trace principles

Climbing Kilimanjaro is a once-in-a-lifetime adventure. With proper preparation, the right mindset, and determination, you can successfully stand on the “Roof of Africa.”